Pagans

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This book offers a clear and detailed historical analysis of the diverse visual and material culture of paganism, focusing on a curated selection of art and artifacts. It explores the iconography and mystic significance of pagan ritual objects globally. The author identifies three critical elements of paganism from classical antiquity to the present: polytheism, a connection to nature, and witchcraft and divination. Key symbols are examined, and central myths and allegories are clarified, providing insights into pagan philosophies and beliefs. The introduction defines "pagan" and traces the pre-Christian origins of paganism, detailing the evolution of its beliefs over centuries and how elements from ancient religions in Europe, North Africa, and West Asia have influenced contemporary practices. The book is structured into three sections—"Ancient Ways," "Ritual," and "Community"—each with themed chapters. Illustrated texts are complemented by double-page presentations of key figures, stories, and iconography relevant to each theme. Readers will gain an understanding of the symbols that define pagan religions and discover the beliefs and philosophies of pagans worldwide, covering topics from polytheism to ideas about the afterlife. This is the second volume in a series on the material and visual culture of global religions.