This monograph outlines and analyzes the collaboration framework between higher education institutions and industry, focusing on knowledge and technology transfer, particularly regarding university spin-offs. It examines commercialization issues, highlighting best practices from the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, while also comparing the internationalization of innovative companies in Germany and Russia. The underdeveloped innovation culture in Slovakia is reflected in evaluations from two surveys conducted at Slovak universities and research institutes, which served as a basis for a proposed model for effective commercialization management through technology transfer offices. Denisa Brighton analyzes barriers to efficient commercialization of intellectual property and innovation within businesses, while Marian Zajko evaluates the creation and benefits of university spin-offs and the status of technology transfer in the CENTROPE region. Kerstin Pezoldt discusses the internationalization of innovations based on a comparative analysis of German and Russian innovation landscapes. Key success factors identified include quality research results, proactive intellectual property management, efficient international collaboration, and consistent government support. The authors offer recommendations for stakeholders in the commercialization process, emphasizing the need for coordinate
