Principles of Gravitational Lensing

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This textbook introduces gravitational lensing, a crucial tool in modern astrophysics, aiding in the discovery of exoplanets and the understanding of dark matter and dark energy's role in cosmic structure formation. It begins with Einstein's prediction that gravity bends light, a concept that has evolved into a significant area of study over the last century. The first detection of light deflection by Eddington during a 1919 solar eclipse brought Einstein's theory of relativity into the spotlight, yet practical applications of lensing remained limited until the discovery of the Q0957+561 system in 1979. This marked the transition of gravitational lensing from a theoretical curiosity to a valuable observational method. The book explores the three subfields of gravitational lensing—strong, weak, and microlensing—highlighting their independent growth and increasing interconnections. Authors Congdon and Keeton present the physics of light bending and the mathematical foundations of lensing, leading to current research topics in a clear, systematic manner. It includes essential background material, exercises for mastering theoretical concepts, and an extensive bibliography for further exploration. This resource is perfect for advanced students and researchers eager to engage with and contribute to this dynamic field.