The impact of forward and backward integration on Microsoft's performance and sustainability in America

The research explores how forward and backward integration affects Microsoft's performance and sustainability in the American market. It highlights vertical integration as a strategy to address market imperfections and enhance firm performance. However, prior studies present mixed results, showing varying relationships between integration and performance across different industries. The analysis emphasizes the need for a nuanced understanding of these dynamics, as the effectiveness of vertical integration can differ significantly based on the context and metrics employed in various research.