The pain stethoscope:

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Chronic pain is a leading reason for healthcare visits, imposing substantial personal, social, and economic burdens, with costs exceeding $100 billion annually in the U.S. alone. Despite the plethora of pain assessment tools available, clinicians lack a straightforward guide to the most effective and reliable measures. This book addresses that gap by providing a comprehensive assessment guide, detailing the best psychometrically sound pain measures for healthcare providers to enhance pain management and treatment outcomes.