Design of a Self-Powered Energy Management Circuit for Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting based on Synchronized Switching Technology

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Vibration converters utilizing piezoelectric materials are increasingly vital for powering low-power wireless sensor nodes and wearable electronics. These materials produce variable electrical charges under mechanical stress, necessitating an energy management interface to satisfy load demands. Resonant interfaces like Parallel Synchronized Switch Harvesting on Inductor (P-SSHI) offer high efficiency and robustness against variations in energy sources and loads. However, SSHI circuits require synchronous switch control for optimal energy transfer. Under irregular excitation, such as footsteps, these circuits may not perform efficiently since their resonant frequency is typically aligned with the energy source's frequency. Additionally, they can be affected by noise and interference from inconsistent excitations, impacting performance. The goal is to create a self-powered energy management solution capable of operating autonomously at low frequencies and with irregular shock excitations, while enhancing energy flow to the storage device and maintaining high efficiency. To assess the proposed circuit's performance, a piezoelectric shoe insole is designed and tested with varying storage capacitance values and loads, demonstrating the circuit's adaptability to different loading conditions.