Against Apion

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Flavius Josephus' work serves as a defense of Judaism, countering criticisms from Apion by emphasizing the religion's ancient roots compared to Greek traditions. Drawing on sources like Menander of Ephesus and referencing his earlier writing, Antiquities of the Jews, the text highlights the philosophical and historical significance of Judaism. Composed in the early second century, it reflects Josephus' efforts to assert the legitimacy and antiquity of Jewish beliefs during a time of cultural conflict.