Chronic diseases are increasingly linked to modern lifestyles and immune dysfunction, leading to high morbidity and mortality rates despite medical advancements. There is a growing interest in bioecological and nutritional strategies for disease management, emphasizing the role of prebiotics, probiotics, and nutraceuticals like antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids. These compounds are emerging as potential treatments, particularly for critically ill patients, although their full effects on health outcomes remain largely unexplored.
