The Personality of the State

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The book explores how different political systems shape distinct conceptions of the State, categorizing them as either human or inhuman. Human States possess a continuous identity and serve as ends in themselves, exemplified by monarchical systems. In contrast, inhuman States are viewed as mere objects, requiring external human figures for personification. The text also connects the defenseless nature of inhuman States to the emergence of polyarchies, highlighting their impact on contemporary democracies.